Why it is in the news
A government fact-sheet set out the next phase of human spaceflight, deep-space exploration and launch-vehicle development, from Gaganyaan through the Bharatiya Antariksh Station to a Venus orbiter.
The exam angle
Dense with dates, outlays and propellant choices — treat it as a Prelims data sheet. The propulsion distinctions (cryogenic, semi-cryogenic, LOX–methane) and aerobraking are the concepts behind the numbers.