Why it is in the news
On 30 September 2026, Union Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav released the implementation guidelines for National Coastal Mission 2.0 (NCM 2.0), a Central Sector Scheme of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) with an approved outlay of ₹767 crore to be implemented in nine coastal States and four Union Territories till 2030-31.
The exam angle
Issue: India's coasts carry dense populations, ports and fisheries but a third of the mainland shoreline is eroding. Can a ₹767 crore mission shift coastal governance from permitting and conservation towards climate-risk management?