Indian Polity · MCQs

Parliamentary System MCQs

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From the 100 in PrepShark’s Parliamentary System set (Indian Polity). Pick an answer, then open the explanation.

Question 01
Consider the following statements regarding the Prime Minister of Japan: 1. The Prime Minister is designated by a resolution of the Diet from among its members. 2. The Emperor formally appoints the person designated by the Diet. 3. The Emperor may choose the Prime Minister in his discretion from among party leaders. 4. The Prime Minister is directly elected by the people for a fixed term. How many of the statements given above are correct?
1. Option A: Only one
2. Option B: Only two
3. Option C: Only three
4. Option D: All four
Answer and explanation
Answer: B. Only two
**Statement 1 is correct.** The **Diet designates** the Prime Minister **from among its members**, as a parliamentary system requires. **Statement 2 is correct.** The **Emperor appoints** the person so designated, a **formal** act like those of a nominal head. **Statement 3 is incorrect.** The Emperor has **no discretion**; his act of appointment is ceremonial. **Statement 4 is incorrect.** Direct election for a fixed term is a **presidential** feature.
Question 02
With reference to a Union minister who is a member of the Rajya Sabha, consider the following statements: 1. Such a minister has the right to vote in the Lok Sabha on Bills relating to his ministry. 2. Such a minister has the right to speak and take part in the proceedings of the Lok Sabha. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1. Option A: 1 only
2. Option B: 2 only
3. Option C: Both 1 and 2
4. Option D: Neither 1 nor 2
Answer and explanation
Answer: B. 2 only
**Statement 1 is incorrect.** A minister may **vote only in the House of which he is a member**; a Rajya Sabha minister has **no vote** in the Lok Sabha. **Statement 2 is correct.** The Constitution gives every minister the right to **speak and take part** in the proceedings of **either House**, so a Rajya Sabha minister can pilot Bills in the Lok Sabha.
Question 03
The resignation or death of an incumbent Prime Minister results in:
1. Option A: the President personally taking over executive functions until a new Lok Sabha meets
2. Option B: the dissolution of the Cabinet alone, while Ministers of State continue in office
3. Option C: the automatic dissolution of the Council of Ministers
4. Option D: the senior-most Cabinet minister automatically becoming Prime Minister
Answer and explanation
Answer: C. the automatic dissolution of the Council of Ministers
**Why C is correct.** Because the Council exists **with the Prime Minister at the head**, it **stands dissolved** when the Prime Minister resigns or dies. **Why A is incorrect.** The President acts on ministerial advice and does not take over executive functions personally; a new Council is formed. **Why B is incorrect.** The **whole Council**, including Ministers of State, goes with the Prime Minister. **Why D is incorrect.** There is **no automatic succession**; the President must appoint a new Prime Minister.
Question 04
Consider the following statements regarding the term 'Cabinet' in the Constitution of India: 1. The word 'Cabinet' was inserted into Article 352 by the Constitution (Forty-fourth Amendment) Act, 1978. 2. The original Article 74 of 1950 provided for a 'Cabinet' to aid and advise the President. 3. Article 74 provides for a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head. Which of the statements given above are correct?
1. Option A: 1 only
2. Option B: 1 and 3 only
3. Option C: 2 and 3 only
4. Option D: 1, 2 and 3
Answer and explanation
Answer: B. 1 and 3 only
The Constitution builds the parliamentary system around the Council of Ministers; the Cabinet entered the text late. **Statement 1 is correct.** The **44th Amendment (1978)** inserted the word **'Cabinet'** into **Article 352**, requiring a written Cabinet decision before a national emergency is proclaimed. **Statement 2 is incorrect.** Article 74 has always spoken of a **'Council of Ministers'**; the original Constitution **did not use the word 'Cabinet'** at all. **Statement 3 is correct.** **Article 74(1)** provides for a **Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head** to aid and advise the President.
Question 05
Consider the following statements regarding an 'Instrument of Instructions' to the President: 1. At one stage of drafting, it was proposed that the President be generally guided by an Instrument of Instructions set out in a Schedule. 2. The Instrument of Instructions was retained in the final Constitution as a separate Schedule. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1. Option A: 1 only
2. Option B: 2 only
3. Option C: Both 1 and 2
4. Option D: Neither 1 nor 2
Answer and explanation
Answer: A. 1 only
**Statement 1 is correct.** A clause added to the draft provided that the President **shall be generally guided** by **Instructions** to be set out in a proposed **Schedule IIIA**. **Statement 2 is incorrect.** On **14 October 1949** the Drafting Committee **did not move Schedule IIIA** and had the guiding clause **omitted**; no Instrument of Instructions appears in the Constitution.

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