Indian Polity · MCQs

Salient Features of the Constitution MCQs

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From the 100 in PrepShark’s Salient Features of the Constitution set (Indian Polity). Pick an answer, then open the explanation.

Question 01
Article 326 of the Constitution provides that elections shall be on the basis of adult suffrage for:
1. Option A: the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha
2. Option B: the Rajya Sabha and the Legislative Councils of the States
3. Option C: the Lok Sabha and the Legislative Assemblies of the States
4. Option D: the office of the President
Answer and explanation
Answer: C. the Lok Sabha and the Legislative Assemblies of the States
**Why C is correct.** **Article 326** provides for **adult suffrage** in elections to the **House of the People** and the **Legislative Assemblies**. **Why A is incorrect.** The **Rajya Sabha** is not elected by adult suffrage. **Why B is incorrect.** Rajya Sabha members are elected **indirectly** by State Legislative Assemblies, and Council members partly by local bodies, graduates and teachers. **Why D is incorrect.** The President is elected **indirectly** by an electoral college.
Question 02
With reference to the Council of Ministers at the Centre, consider the following statements: 1. The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha. 2. Individual ministers hold office during the pleasure of the President. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1. Option A: 1 only
2. Option B: 2 only
3. Option C: Both 1 and 2
4. Option D: Neither 1 nor 2
Answer and explanation
Answer: C. Both 1 and 2
**Statement 1 is correct.** **Article 75(3)** makes the Council of Ministers **collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha**, not to the Rajya Sabha. **Statement 2 is correct.** Under **Article 75(2)**, ministers hold office **during the pleasure of the President**, which in practice means on the advice of the Prime Minister.
Question 03
Consider the following statements: 1. Like the Senate of the USA, the Rajya Sabha gives equal representation to all the States. 2. Parliament can legislate on a State List subject in the national interest if the Rajya Sabha passes a resolution to that effect supported by two-thirds of the members present and voting. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1. Option A: 1 only
2. Option B: 2 only
3. Option C: Both 1 and 2
4. Option D: Neither 1 nor 2
Answer and explanation
Answer: B. 2 only
**Statement 1 is incorrect.** Representation of States in the **Rajya Sabha** is broadly **according to population** (Fourth Schedule), so it is **unequal**, unlike the American Senate. **Statement 2 is correct.** **Article 249** allows Parliament to legislate on a **State List** subject in the **national interest** on such a **Rajya Sabha resolution**.
Question 04
Consider the following statements regarding the independent bodies set up by the Constitution, such as the Election Commission and the UPSC: 1. The Constitution provides security of tenure for their members. 2. The Constitution provides fixed service conditions for their members. 3. Their members can be removed by the Union Cabinet at its discretion. Which of the statements given above are correct?
1. Option A: 1 and 2 only
2. Option B: 2 and 3 only
3. Option C: 1 and 3 only
4. Option D: 1, 2 and 3
Answer and explanation
Answer: A. 1 and 2 only
**Statement 1 is correct.** **Security of tenure** is among the safeguards of their independence. **Statement 2 is correct.** **Fixed service conditions** that cannot be varied to their disadvantage are another safeguard. **Statement 3 is incorrect.** Removal follows **specified constitutional procedures** — for example, the **Chief Election Commissioner** can be removed only in the manner of a **Supreme Court judge**; there is no removal at the Cabinet's discretion.
Question 05
Consider the following pairs of Parts of the Constitution and the Articles they contain: 1. — Articles 5 to 11 2. — Articles 239 to 242 3. — Articles 324 to 329A 4. — Article 51A How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
1. Option A: Only one
2. Option B: Only two
3. Option C: Only three
4. Option D: All four
Answer and explanation
Answer: D. All four
**Pair 1 is correctly matched.** **Citizenship** occupies **Articles 5–11** in **Part II**. **Pair 2 is correctly matched.** **Part VIII** on the **Union Territories** runs from **Article 239 to Article 242**. **Pair 3 is correctly matched.** **Part XV** on **Elections** spans **Articles 324–329A**, opening with the **Election Commission** in Article 324. **Pair 4 is correctly matched.** **Part IVA** contains a single Article, **Article 51A**, listing the **Fundamental Duties**.

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