- Biofertilizers are preparations containing living or dormant beneficial microorganisms. When applied to seeds, seedlings, soil or compost, they increase the availability or uptake of plant nutrients.
- They do not directly supply large quantities of nutrients like chemical fertilisers. Instead, they help plants obtain nutrients already present in the atmosphere, soil or organic matter.
- They are an important component of integrated nutrient management and sustainable agriculture.
Why biofertilizers are used
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Excessive and imbalanced use of chemical fertilisers can reduce soil biological activity, create nutrient imbalance and contribute to water pollution.
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Biofertilizers can:
- Fix atmospheric nitrogen.
- Solubilise or mobilise unavailable soil phosphorus.
- Improve uptake of potassium, zinc and some micronutrients.
- Produce growth-promoting substances.
- Improve root growth and soil microbial activity.
- Reduce dependence on chemical fertilisers when used scientifically.