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Chapter 06Updated

1969 Telangana Movement

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Core Character of the Movement

  • The 1969 Telangana Movement began in January 1969 and was triggered primarily by the alleged non-implementation of safeguards promised to Telangana under the 1956 Gentlemen's Agreement.

  • Osmania University students played the leading role in initiating and sustaining the agitation.

  • The movement initially focused on:

    • Protection of Mulki/local employment.
    • Implementation of Telangana safeguards.
    • Protection of Telangana's financial interests.
    • Educational opportunities for Telangana students.
    • Greater regional autonomy.

  • As the agitation intensified, the demand moved increasingly from implementation of safeguards → separate Telangana State.

  • The movement gradually expanded from students to employees, teachers, lawyers, journalists, intellectuals, political leaders, women and sections of workers.

  • The Telangana Praja Samithi (TPS) emerged as the principal political organisation giving the movement an electoral and political form.

Inside this chapter

What 1969 Telangana Movement covers

  1. Core Character of the Movement
  2. Background: Why the Movement Emerged
  3. Immediate Trigger: Mulki Rules
  4. Beginning of the Movement — January 1969
  5. First Phase of Student Agitation
  6. First Martyr: Shankar
  7. Politicalisation of the Movement
  8. Konda Laxman Bapuji and the Political Break
  9. Supreme Court Verdict and Escalation — 28 March 1969
  10. Telangana Issue in Parliament
  11. Secunderabad Firing — 4 April 1969
  12. Coordinating Committee of Telangana Movement
  13. Eight-Point Formula — 11 April 1969
  14. Committees Under the Eight-Point Formula
  15. Telangana Development Committee
  16. Telangana Praja Samithi's Electoral Breakthrough
  17. Mass Satyagraha and Expansion — April 1969
  18. May 1969: Broadening of the Movement
  19. Intellectual and Academic Participation
  20. Split in Telangana Praja Samithi — 22 May 1969
  21. K.R. Amos and the Employee Movement
  22. Six Telangana Congress MLAs Suspended
  23. Second Phase: Satyagraha — 26 May 1969
  24. 31 May–5 June: Major Violence and Police Firing
  25. Prem Kishore and Chunchu Chandramouli
  26. Important Protest Days — June 1969
  27. Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's Hyderabad Visit — 4 June
  28. Writers and Workers Join the Movement
  29. Telangana Employees' Indefinite Strike
  30. Anti-Traitor and Telangana Liberation Days
  31. Telangana Movement and the Presidential Election
  32. Kothagudem Firing — 5 August
  33. Student Crisis and October Satyagraha
  34. Tax Refusal Movement — Parkal
  35. 1 November 1969: Anti-Andhra Pradesh Day
  36. End of the 1969 Movement
  37. Role of Different Sections
  38. Important Leaders and Their Roles
  39. Andhra Leaders Who Supported Separate Telangana
  40. Major Organisations of the Movement
  41. 1969 Movement: Key Dates at a Glance
  42. Firsts of the 1969 Telangana Movement
  43. Why the 1969 Movement Failed
  44. Consequences and Historical Significance
  45. 1969 Movement vs 1972 Jai Andhra Movement
  46. Gentlemen's Agreement vs Eight-Point Formula
  47. Rapid-Recall: Formula → Committee → Issue
  48. Prelims Traps
  49. One-Page Revision Capsule
All 27 chapters in Telangana Movement
  1. Telangana Society, Arts & Crafts
  2. Mulki Movement and Emergence of Mulki and Non-Mulki
  3. Hyderabad State in Independent India
  4. Formation of Andhra Pradesh – 1956
  5. Violations of Telangana Safeguards between 1956–1969
  6. 1969 Telangana Movement
  7. Major Events took place in 1970 and later period
  8. Court Judgements on Mulki Rules
  9. Jai Andhra Movement
  10. 6 Points Formula Program
  11. Article 371-D, Presidential Orders
  12. Officers Committee (Jaya Bharath Reddy Committee) Report – 1948
  13. G.O. 610
  14. J.M. Girglani Commission
  15. Naxalite Movement in Telangana, Anti-Landlord Struggle in Jagityala–Siricilla, North Telangana
  16. Rise of Regional Parties in 1980s and Changes in the Political, Socio-Economic & Cultural Fabric in Telangana, Suppression of Telangana Identity
  17. Economic Reforms in 1990 and their Consequences & Regional Disparities
  18. Quest for Telangana Identity – Intellectual Discussions & Debates – Political Ideological Efforts
  19. Public Awakening & Intellectual Reaction against Discrimination – Formation of Civil Society Organization, Articulation of Separate Telangana Identity
  20. Establishment of Telangana Rashtra Samithi in 2001, Political Realignment
  21. Role of Political Parties in Later Phase of Telangana Movement
  22. Cultural Revivalism in Telangana, Other Symbolic Expressions in Telangana, Literary Forms – Performing Arts and Other Cultural Expressions
  23. Role of Various Groups and Cultural Organizations in Changing the Struggle into a Public Movement
  24. Intensification of Telangana Movement, Forms of Protest and Major Events
  25. Parliamentary Process for the Formation of Telangana State, First Government of Telangana
  26. Andhra Pradesh Re-organization Act, 2014
  27. Committees Formed in Telangana Region during Different Occasions

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