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Constitutional Framework
- Article 368 in Part XX deals with Parliament's constituent power to amend the Constitution and lays down the principal amendment procedure.
- Parliament may amend constitutional provisions by addition, variation or repeal, subject to the constitutional procedure.
- The Indian Constitution combines rigidity and flexibility: some provisions are amendable relatively easily, while others require enhanced majorities and, in specified cases, State ratification.
- Parliament's amending power is not unlimited because it cannot alter or destroy the Basic Structure of the Constitution.
- The Supreme Court established the Basic Structure limitation in Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973).