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Constitutional Status and Significance
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Panchayati Raj refers to the system of rural local self-government in India.
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Local government is a State List subject under the Seventh Schedule.
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The constitutional foundation for village panchayats existed in Article 40, which directs the State to organise village panchayats as units of self-government.
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The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 constitutionalised Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs).
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The Amendment came into force on 24 April 1993.
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It inserted:
- Part IX — The Panchayats
- Articles 243 to 243-O
- Eleventh Schedule containing 29 subjects
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The Amendment transformed Panchayati Raj from a predominantly statutory arrangement into a constitutional system of rural local self-government.